Fracture controls on valley persistence: the Cairngorm Granite pluton, Scotland

Zoned genthelvite from the Cairngorm Mountains, Scotland

15.problems with the Magmatic Model for the Origin of the Hall Canyon Muscovite Granite Pluton, Panamint Mountains, California

Geologic Controls on Viticulture in the Walla Walla Valley, Washington

The critical zone is defined as the life-sustaining region on and near Earth’s surface that is affected by the interaction of geologic, hydrologic, biologic, and atmospheric processes. Investigations into critical zone processes are needed to reveal how weathering transforms minerals, organic matter, solutions and gases to sustain life. Like all organisms, the health and character of grape vine...

Nonlinear Controls on the Persistence of La Niña*

A large fraction (35%–50%) of observed La Niña events last two years or longer, in contrast to the great majority ofElNiño events, which last one year. Here, the authors explore the nonlinear processes responsible for the multiyear persistence of La Niña in the Community Climate System Model, version 4 (CCSM4), a coupled climate model that simulates the asymmetric duration of La Niña and El Niñ...

Climate controls on valley fever incidence in Kern County, California.

Coccidiodomycosis (valley fever) is a systemic infection caused by inhalation of airborne spores from Coccidioides immitis, a soil-dwelling fungus found in the southwestern United States, parts of Mexico, and Central and South America. Dust storms help disperse C. immitis so risk factors for valley fever include conditions favorable for fungal growth (moist, warm soil) and for aeolian soil eros...